GT5000便携式多参数土壤呼吸测量系统

GT5000便携式多参数土壤呼吸测量系统是一款基于傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）技术的便携式高精度土壤温室气体排放监测系统。 该仪器可以在数秒内同时测定多种主要的温室气体成分，如：N2O，CH4，CO2，H2O，CO和NH3，且测量精度可达ppb级。GT5000便携式多参数土壤呼吸测量系统可用于农田，湿地，森林，牧场，电厂，火灾现场等各种环境中的温室气体排放测量。

主要特点

• 傅里叶变换红外光谱技术；
• 同时测量N₂O，CH₄，CO₂，H₂O，CO和NH₃等6种温室气体，最多可同时测量50种气体；
• 多种无线连接方式，如WI-FI或蓝牙；
• 无需专业知识，用户可通过导航进行操作，一键测量和即时的在线处理结果；
• 五种不同的视图展示相关的测量信息；
• 自动气室有机械臂，可缓慢升降；
• 气室的内部进出回路可有效的促进气体混合，通气口的设计可确保稳定的大气压力，配备GPS模块、WI-FI通讯模块和环境传感器（土壤湿度、温度和电导率参数）；

主要温室气体的测量范围和检测限

气体	测量范围	检测限
H2O	0-3%	0.010 Vol-%
CO2	0-2000 ppm	5 ppm
CH4	0-100 ppm	40 ppb
N2O	0-50 ppm	7 ppb
NH3	0-100 ppm	70 ppb
CO	0-200 ppm	70 ppb

 

技术参数

可选气室

便携式自动土壤呼吸室 自动气室有机械臂，可缓慢升降； 通气口的设计可确保稳定的大气压力，且不会通过反向扩散影响测量； 气室的内部进出回路可有效的促进气体混合。

群落静态光合箱——生态系统净交换量（NEE）测量 配备系统控制单元，单元包括可充电锂电池、WI-FI通讯模块、GPS模块、空气温湿度传感器、土壤传感器、混气风机电源接口； 高透明亚克力材质，可定制形状尺寸，内置气体混合风扇； 配合通量计算软件，NEE测量结果可直接显示并保存； 可以测量单个植物或群落（如灌木和草地）的净光合速率。

自动开闭静态箱

自动NEE室，满足长期连续NEE测量需求； 通量计算软件可设置自动室的启闭时间和周期； 全开放对流设计，腔体打开时可与环境气体充分交换； 太阳能供电，满足野外长期使用要求 测定时间短，可长期定点观测 自动控制叶室开合，可长期无人看守自动测量 抗风阻，安全稳定，安装方便，操作容易 过滤网头设计，防止颗粒物进入管路

走航式水面通量气室

通过为自动土壤通量气室添加圆形浮圈，对来自水体的气体进行收集测量，可实现对水-气界面温室气体通量走航式多点位巡测。

走航式、多点位巡测 圆形浮圈设计可漂浮水面、阻抗水流 浮圈一体式设计，重量轻、浮力大、结实、抗冲击力强 安装简单、组合变换灵活、上部采用防滑设计，安全稳固 抗冰冻、紫外线、汽油、油污、耐酸碱、环保无污染 浮圈尺寸：内径320mm，外径720mm，高度220mm 通讯方式：WIFI 内置GPS定位模块

智能多路控制系统

长期土壤呼吸室

特殊的动压平衡设计，更大程度模拟真实环境 可实现长期、连续工作 结构紧凑，体积小，重量轻，携带方便 曲线型设计，防水防尘效果好，适合野外测量 航空插头，快捷、安全、准确 控制方式：复路系统控制（配套）

地下剖面取气装置 本装置专为地下剖面气体精准采集而设计 紧凑设计，便于钻孔埋设。 有效阻隔土壤颗粒、气溶胶及液态水（疏水性），同时允许目标气体自由通过。 尺寸：46.5 mm*12 mm（D*H） 孔径：0.5 μm

参考文献

1. Abril, G., Guérin, F., Richard, S., Delmas, R., Galy-Lacaux, C., Gosse, P., ... & Matvienko, B. (2005). Carbon dioxide and methane emissions and the carbon budget of a 10-year old tropical reservoir (Petit Saut, French Guiana). Global biogeochemical cycles, 19(4).
2. Guérin, F., Abril, G., Tremblay, A., & Delmas, R. (2008). Nitrous oxide emissions from tropical hydroelectric reservoirs. Geophysical Research Letters, 35(6).
3. Madsen, J., Bjerg, B. S., Hvelplund, T., Weisbjerg, M. R., & Lund, P. (2010). Methane and carbon dioxide ratio in excreted air for quantification of the methane production from ruminants. Livestock Science, 129(1-3), 223-227.
4. Bastien, J., Demarty, M., & Tremblay, A. (2011). CO2 and CH4 diffusive and degassing emissions from 2003 to 2009 at Eastmain 1 hydroelectric reservoir, Québec, Canada. Inland Waters, 1(2), 113-123.
5. Greenhouse Gas Emissions from US Hydropower Reservoirs: FY2011 Annual Progress Report. ORNL/TM-2012/90.
6. Stewart, A. J., Mosher, J. J., Mulholland, P. J., Fortner, A. M., Phillips, J. R., & Bevelhimer, M. S. (2011). 
7. Storm, I. M., Hellwing, A. L. F., Nielsen, N. I., & Madsen, J. (2012). Methods for measuring and estimating methane emission from ruminants. Animals, 2(2), 160-183.
8. Lassen, J., Løvendahl, P., & Madsen, J. (2012). Accuracy of noninvasive breath methane measurements using Fourier transform infrared methods on individual cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(2), 890-898.
9. Inthapanya, S., Preston, T. R., Khang, D. N., & Leng, R. A. (2012). Effect of potassium nitrate and urea as fermentable nitrogen sources on growth performance and methane emissions in local “Yellow” cattle fed lime (Ca (OH) 2) treated rice straw supplemented with fresh cassava foliage. Mitigation of methane production from ruminants; effect of nitrate and urea on methane production in an in vitro system and on growth performance and methane emissions in growing cattle, 70.
10. Leng, R. A., Preston, T. R., & Inthapanya, S. (2012). Biochar reduces enteric methane and improves growth and feed conversion in local “Yellow” cattle fed cassava root chips and fresh cassava foliage. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 24(11).
11. Stewart, K. J., Brummell, M. E., Farrell, R. E., & Siciliano, S. D. (2012). N2O flux from plant-soil systems in polar deserts switch between sources and sinks under different light conditions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 48, 69-77.
12. Ciotoli, G., Etiope, G., Florindo, F., Marra, F., Ruggiero, L., & Sauer, P. E. (2013). Sudden deep gas eruption nearby Rome's airport of Fiumicino. Geophysical Research Letters, 40(21), 5632-5636.
13. Etiope, G., Tsikouras, B., Kordella, S., Ifandi, E., Christodoulou, D., & Papatheodorou, G. (2013). Methane flux and origin in the Othrys ophiolite hyperalkaline springs, Greece. Chemical Geology, 347, 161-174.
14. Brummell, M. E., Farrell, R. E., Hardy, S. P., & Siciliano, S. D. (2014). Greenhouse gas production and consumption in High Arctic deserts. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 68, 158-165.
15. Falk, J. M., Schmidt, N. M., & Ström, L. (2014). Effects of simulated increased grazing on carbon  allocation patterns in a high arctic mire. Biogeochemistry, 119(1-3), 229-244.
16. Falk, J. M. (2014). Plant-soil-herbivore interactions in a high Arctic wetland-Feedbacks to the carbon cycle. Lund University.
17. Karu, H., Pensa, M., Rõõm, E. I., Portsmuth, A., & Triisberg, T. (2014). Carbon fluxes in forested bog margins along a human impact gradient: could vegetation structure be used as an indicator of peat carbon emissions?. Wetlands ecology and management, 22(4), 399-417.
18. Rõõm, E. I., Nõges, P., Feldmann, T., Tuvikene, L., Kisand, A., Teearu, H., & Nõges, T. (2014). Years are not brothers: two-year comparison of greenhouse gas fluxes in large shallow Lake Võrtsjärv, Estonia. Journal of hydrology, 519, 1594-1606.
19. Schiller, D. V., Marcé, R., Obrador, B., Gómez-Gener, L., Casas-Ruiz, J. P., Acuña, V., & Koschorreck, M. (2014). Carbon dioxide emissions from dry watercourses. Inland waters, 4(4), 377-382.
20. Cremona, F., Kõiv, T., Nõges, P., Pall, P., Rõõm, E. I., Feldmann, T., ... & Nõges, T. (2014). Dynamic carbon budget of a large shallow lake assessed by a mass balance approach. Hydrobiologia, 731(1), 109-123.
21. Machaca, M., Quispe, E. C., & Castro, A. (2015). Efecto de dos dietas fibrosas en la producción de metano en alpacas. Revista Investigaciones Altoandinas, 17(3), 441-444.
22. Falk, J. M., Schmidt, N. M., Christensen, T. R., & Ström, L. (2015). Large herbivore grazing affects the vegetation structure and greenhouse gas balance in a high arctic mire. Environmental Research Letters, 10(4), 045001.
23. Brummell, M. (2015). Greenhouse gas production and consumption in soils of the Canadian High Arctic (Doctoral dissertation, University of Saskatchewan).
24. Karu, H. (2015). Development of ecosystems under human activity in the North-East Estonian industrial region: forests on post-mining sites and bogs.
25. Etiope, G., & Ionescu, A. (2015). Low-temperature catalytic CO2 hydrogenation with geological quantities of ruthenium: a possible abiotic CH4 source in chromitite-rich serpentinized rocks. Geofluids, 15(3), 438-452.
26. Ciotoli, G., et al. "Tiber delta CO2-CH4 degassing: A possible hybrid, tectonically active Sediment-Hosted Geothermal System near Rome." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 121.1 (2016): 48-69.
27. Powell, J. M., & Vadas, P. A. (2016). Gas emissions from dairy barnyards. Animal Production Science, 56(3), 355-361.
28. Porsavatdy, P., Preston, T. R., & Leng, R. A. (2016). Effect on feed intake, digestibility, N retention and methane emissions in goats of supplementing foliages of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and Tithonia diversifolia with water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica). Livestock Research for Rural Development, 28(5).
29. Lassen, J., & Løvendahl, P. (2016). Heritability estimates for enteric methane emissions from Holstein cattle measured using noninvasive methods. Journal of Dairy Science, 99(3), 1959-1967.
30. Nwaishi, F., Petrone, R. M., Macrae, M. L., Price, J. S., Strack, M., & Andersen, R. (2016). Preliminary assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from a constructed fen on post-mining landscape in the Athabasca oil sands region, Alberta, Canada. Ecological Engineering, 95, 119-128.
31. Ionescu, A., Baciu, C., Kis, B. M., & Sauer, P. E. (2017). Evaluation of dissolved light hydrocarbons in different geological settings in Romania. Chemical Geology, 469, 230-245.
32. Nguyễn-Thuỳ, D., Schimmelmann, A., Nguyễn-Văn, H., Drobniak, A., Lennon, J. T., T ạ, P. H., & Nguy ễn, N. T. Á. (2017). Subterranean microbial oxidation of atmospheric methane in cavernous tropical karst. Chemical Geology, 466, 229-238.
33. Lesmeister, L., & Koschorreck, M. (2017). A closed-chamber method to measure greenhouse gas fluxes from dry aquatic sediments. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 10(6), 2377.
34. Holly, M. A., & Larson, R. A. (2017). Effects of manure storage additives on manure composition and greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions. Transactions of the ASABE, 60(2), 449-456.
35. Drewry, J. L., Powell, J. M., & Choi, C. Y. (2017). Design and calibration of chambers for the measurement of housed dairy cow gaseous emissions. Transactions of the ASABE, 60(4), 1291-1300.
36. Haque, M. N., Hansen, H. H., Storm, I. M., & Madsen, J. (2017). Comparative methane estimation from cattle based on total CO2 production using different techniques. Animal Nutrition, 3(2), 175-179.
37. Porsavathdy, P., Do, H. Q., & Preston, T. R. (2017). Growth rate and feed conversion were improved, and emissions of methane reduced, when goats fed a basal diet of pigeon wood foliage (Trema orientalis) were supplemented with sun-dried cassava foliage (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) or water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica). Livestock Research for Rural Development. Volume 29, Article, 68.
38. Pszczola, M., Rzewuska, K., Mucha, S., & Strabel, T. (2017). Heritability of methane emissions from dairy cows over a lactation measured on commercial farms. Journal of animal science, 95(11), 4813-4819.
39. Hu, E., Sutitarnnontr, P., Tuller, M., & Jones, S. B. (2018). Modeling temperature and moisture dependent emissions of carbon dioxide and methane from drying dairy cow manure. Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering, (2), 13.
40. Wu, L., Koerkamp, P. W. G., & Ogink, N. (2018). Uncertainty assessment of the breath methane concentration method to determine methane production of dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, 101(2), 1554-1564
41. Pszczola, M., Strabel, T., Mucha, S., & Sell-Kubiak, E. (2018). Genome-wide association identifies methane production level relation to genetic control of digestive tract development in dairy cows. Scientific reports, 8(1), 1-11.
42. Kandel, T. P., Gowda, P. H., Somenahally, A., Northup, B. K., DuPont, J., & Rocateli, A. C. (2018). Nitrous oxide emissions as influenced by legume cover crops and nitrogen fertilization. Nutrient Cycling in  Agroecosystems, 112(1), 119-131.
43. Baciu, C., Ionescu, A., & Etiope, G. (2018). Hydrocarbon seeps in Romania: gas origin and release to the atmosphere. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 89, 130-143.
44. Duval, B. D., Cadol, D., Martin, J., & Timmons, S. (2018). Persistent Effects of the Gold King Mine Spill on Biota: Animas and San Juan Rivers, Northern New Mexico.
45. Marques, J. M., Etiope, G., Neves, M. O., Carreira, P. M., Rocha, C., Vance, S. D., & Suzuki, S. (2018). Linking serpentinization, hyperalkaline mineral waters and abiotic methane production in continental peridotites: an integrated hydrogeological-bio-geochemical model from the Cabeço de Vide CH4-rich aquifer (Portugal). Applied Geochemistry, 96, 287-301.
46. Webster, K. D., Drobniak, A., Etiope, G., Mastalerz, M., Sauer, P. E., & Schimmelmann, A. (2018). Subterranean karst environments as a global sink for atmospheric methane. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 485, 9-18.
47. Webster, K. D., Schimmelmann, A., Drobniak, A., Mastalerz, M., Lagarde, L. R., Boston, P. J., & Lennon, J. T. (2018). Diversity and composition of cave methanotrophic communities. bioRxiv, 412213.
48. Korkiakoski, M., Tuovinen, J. P., Penttilä, T., Sarkkola, S., Ojanen, P., Minkkinen, K., ... & Lohila, A. (2019). Greenhouse gas and energy fluxes in a boreal peatland forest after clear-cutting.
49. Vadas, P. A., & Powell, J. M. (2019). Nutrient Mass Balance and Fate in Dairy Cattle Lots with Different Surface Materials. Transactions of the ASABE, 62(1), 131-138.
50. Girard, M., Duchaine, C., Godbout, S., Lévesque, A., Létourneau, V., & Lemay, S. P. (2019). Réduire l'exposition des travailleurs aux gaz, odeurs, poussières et agents pathogènes humains présents dans les bâtiments porcins.
51. Danielsson, R., Lucas, J., Dahlberg, J., Ramin, M., Agenäs, S., Bayat, A. R., ... & Roslin, T. (2019). Compound-and context-dependent effects of antibiotics on greenhouse gas emissions from livestock. Royal Society Open Science, 6(10), 182049.
52. Aruquipa, J. E. R., Colque, E. E. Q., Suca, J. G. M., Machaca, R. S., & Huanca, B. R. (2019). Effecto del procesamiento forrahero en la respuesta animal y la producción de metano en llamas y alpacas. Revista de Investigaciones de la Escuela de Posgrado de la UNA PUNO, 8(4), 1350-1357.
53. Phuong, L. T. B., Preston, T. R., Van, N. H., & Dung, D. V. (2019). Effect of additives (brewer’s grains and biochar) and cassava variety (sweet versus bitter) on nitrogen retention, thiocyanate excretion and methane production by Bach Thao goats. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 31.
54. McDonald, M. D., Lewis, K. L., Ritchie, G. L., DeLaune, P. B., Casey, K. D., & Slaughter, L. C. (2019).Carbon dioxide mitigation potential of conservation agriculture in a semi-arid agriculturalregion. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 4(1), 206.
55. Singh, H., Kandel, T. P., Gowda, P. H., Somenahally, A., Northup, B. K., & Kakani, V. G. (2019). Influence of Contrasting Soil Moisture Conditions on Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Terminated Green Manures. Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment, 2(1).
56. Teutscherova, N., Vazquez, E., Arango, J., Arevalo, A., Benito, M., & Pulleman, M. (2019). Native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increase the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, but suppress nitrous oxide emissions shortly after urea application. Geoderma, 338, 493-501.
57. Shrestha, D., Wendroth, O., & Jacobsen, K. L. (2019). Nitrogen loss and greenhouse gas flux across an intensification gradient in diversified vegetable rotations. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 114(3),193-210.
58. Difford, G. F., Løvendahl, P., Veerkamp, R. F., Bovenhuis, H., Visker, M. H. P. W., Lassen, J., & de Haas, Y. (2020). Can greenhouse gases in breath be used to genetically improve feed efficiency of dairy cows?. Journal of Dairy Science.
59. Aruquipa, J. E. R. (2020). Efecto del tamaño de partícula del forraje en el consume, ganancia de peso y produccíon de metano en llamas y alpacas. Revista de Investigaciones (Puno)-Escuela de Posgrado de la UNA PUNO, 8(4), 1350-1357.
60. Duval, B. D., Curtsinger, H. D., Hands, A., Martin, J., McLaren, J. R., & Cadol, D. D. (2020). Greenhouse gas emissions and extracellular enzyme activity variability during decomposition of native versus invasive riparian tree litter. Plant Ecology, 1-13.
61. Bell, J. K., Siciliano, S. D., & Lamb, E. G. (2020). A survey of invasive plants on grassland soil microbial communities and ecosystem services. Scientific Data, 7(1), 1-8.
62. Kandel, T. P., Gowda, P. H., & Northup, B. K. (2020). Influence of Tillage Systems, and Forms and Rates of Nitrogen Fertilizers on CO2 and N2O Fluxes from Winter Wheat Cultivation in Oklahoma. Agronomy, 10(3), 320.
63. Hartmann A. Greenhouse gas emissions from compacted peat soil[J]. 2021.
64. Nordgren L. Odlade torvjordar och växthusavgång[J]. 2021.
65. Elpelt-Wessel I, Reiser M, Morrison D, et al. Emission determination by three remote sensing methods in two release trials[J]. Atmosphere, 2021, 13(1): 53.
66. San Martin Ruiz M, Reiser M, Kranert M. Nitrous oxide emission fluxes in coffee plantations during fertilization: A case study in Costa Rica[J]. Atmosphere, 2021, 12(12): 1656.
67. Kim Y N, Cho Y S, Lee J H, et al. Short-Term Responses of Soil Organic Carbon Pool and Crop Performance to Different Fertilizer Applications. Agronomy 2022, 12, 1106[EB/OL].(2022)
68. Kim N, Jang C, Yang W H, et al. Spatial Variability of Agricultural Soil Co2 and N2o Fluxes: Characterization and Recommendations from Spatially High-Resolution, Multi-Year Dataset[J]. Multi-Year Dataset.
69. Kim Y N, Lee J H, Seo H R, et al. Co-Responses of Soil Organic Carbon Pool and Biogeochemistry to Different Long-Term Fertilization Practices in Paddy Fields[J]. Plants, 2022, 11(23): 3195.
70. Soreanu G, Cretescu I, Dragoi E N, et al. TOWARDS LOW-CARBON EMISSION BIOTRICKLING FILTRATION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM AIR: AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH[J]. International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference: SGEM, 2022, 22(4.1): 429-436.
71. Soreanu G, Cretescu I, Lutic D, et al. Study of microalgae influence on carbon capture from gaseous streams within the biotrickling filtration process[J]. International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference: SGEM, 2022, 22(4.1): 391-398.
72. Ramil Brick E S, Holland J, Anagnostou D E, et al. A review of agroforestry, precision agriculture, and precision livestock farming—The case for a data-driven agroforestry strategy[J]. Frontiers in Sensors, 2022, 3: 998928.
73. Sieranen M. Nitrous oxide emissions at three Finnish wastewater treatment plants–Mechanisms behind nitrous oxide emissions and potential of process modelling in emission quantification[J]. 2023.
74. El Asri O. Mitigation of ammonia and methane emissions in pre-treatment of fertilizer recovery process[D]. , 2023.
75. Tabase R K, Næss G, Larring Y. Ammonia and methane emissions from small herd cattle buildings in a cold climate[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 903: 166046.
76. Berglund Ö, Berglund K, Jordan S. Vallodling på torvjord–skördenivåer och växthusgasavgång[J]. Report from the Department of Crop Production Ecology (VPE), 2023 (34).
77. Trochon B. Etude de l'hydrologie des sols argilo-calcaires pour la spatialisation de l'engorgement, des fentes de retrait et des flux d'azote dans l'atmosphère[D]. Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse-INPT, 2023.
78. Jeong H C, Lee J M, Gwon H S, et al. Effect of Applying Rice Hull Biochar on the Yield of Chinese Cabbage and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Cropland[C]//Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference. The Korean Society of Crop Science, 2023: 59-59.
79. Maciel C. Impact of Farming Practices on Soil Greenhouse gas Emissions[D]. San Francisco State University, 2023.
80. Larsson J. Val av odlingssystem–effekt på markstruktur, växthusgasemissioner och avkastning[J].
81. Hashemi J, Lipson D A, Arndt K A, et al. Thermokarst landscape exhibits large nitrous oxide emissions in Alaska’s coastal polygonal tundra[J]. Communications Earth & Environment, 2024, 5(1): 473.
82. Laslo L, Enache N, Matei M, et al. Experiments on Soil Microcosms for The Assessment of Greenhouse Gases Fluxes from Different Land Uses in Laboratory Conditions[C]//E3S Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences, 2024, 589: 01005.
83. Park D G, Jeong H C, Jang E B, et al. Effect of rice hull biochar treatment on net ecosystem carbon budget and greenhouse gas emissions in Chinese cabbage cultivation on infertile soil[J]. Applied Biological Chemistry, 2024, 67(1): 44.
84. Li S, Norman A L, Lett M, et al. CCUS in Agriculture: Accessing Emission Reduction of Greenhouse Gases by an Innovative Method of Converting Exhaust Gases From Farm Machinery Into Bio-AgtiveTM Carbon Water Applied on Farmland to Increase Photosynthesis for Soil Carbon Sequestration[J]. Available at SSRN 5069952, 2024.
85. Kim N, Jang C, Yang W H, et al. Spatial variability of agricultural soil carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide fluxes: characterization and recommendations from spatially high-resolution, multi-year dataset[J]. bioRxiv, 2024: 2024.08. 02.606447.
86. Khan T F, Rabbani M M. Microplastic Impacts on Greenhouse Gases Emissions in Terrestrial Ecosystems[J]. Open Journal of Soil Science, 2024, 14(01): 64-80.
87. Otterlin Karlsson F. Greenhouse gas emissions from peat soil thawing in spring[J]. 2024.
88. Tabase R K, Næss G, Larring Y. Effect of cubicle hood system on methane concentrations around the lying area in cold climate dairy cattle buildings[J]. Environmental Advances, 2024, 15: 100504.
89. Sieranen M, Hilander H, Haimi H, et al. Seasonality of nitrous oxide emissions at six full-scale wastewater treatment plants[J]. Water Science & Technology, 2024, 89(3): 603-612.
90. Wenzel C, Flamm B, Loop T, et al. Efficiency of passive activated carbon anaesthetic gas capturing systems during simulated ventilation[J]. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 2024, 133(6): 1518-1524.

产地与厂家：芬兰Gasmet